Most of these have relatively descriptive names, but it is still a lot to look at, esspecially as you don't have preview pictures of what they will do, which is where this file comes in

I basically was curious as to what all the filters did, so I created a file with all of them in the order they appear in the new filters menu

have a look at them yourself,
http://www.mediafire.com/?sharekey=68976750aa0ee68e4c17ca8801618ef7e04e75f6e8ebb871
You can change the object being filtered thanks to the magic of cloned groups, simply double click on the original on the left of canvas and edit/add to that group to watch all the filter swatches change. Also, if you are using the development version, you can check which filter is applied to an object by looking at the status bar, I have added labelled which sub-menu each filter comes from, so it should be quite easy to find the one you want to use after choosing it.
hope you find it useful, tomh.