I belive that "line" was referring to path made with the pen tool.
(As far as I know although svg has a "line" type of object, those are used only by the connector tool inside inkscape.)
Some notes:
The spikes as you drew them -made up by "separate" triangles- could be much cleaner by using the star tool instead (*).
That way you could reduce 75 nodes -if it was converted to a path.
Don't know how exactly made those circles, but it all could be made more accurate.
A bit about the implementation: the bézier paths used can't produce accurate circles.
All objects, including the ellipse tool are made with those inside inkscape.
By converting them to paths, they will turn to be paths with four smooth nodes.
In the development builds this has changed: it is affected somehow by the size of the inaccuracy, there they may have more nodes.
So the concept is, nodes can be placed in accurate positions.
The more nodes you have, the closer you can get to a geometrically correct form.
To add a twist, there are two kind of paths inside inkscape: regular ones, and spiro-paths.
These spiro-paths connect nodes with circular segments -if curved-.
They are not part of the svg specification, so if you save a spiro-path in plain svg, it will turn to have more nodes, just as the mentioned new circle converting behavior.
They are implemented as live path effects, by pressing Ctrl+Shift+C, they will be converted to regular paths.
To draw the white parts, I would suggest to use spiro-paths, as with regular ones, you could hardly make arches in an accurate way.
But to be more confusing, I would use a guiding object to do that made by regular paths.
Because of the mentioned inaccuracy, to draw one circle, I would use a polygon made with the star tool (12 nodes), converted to path, and change it's nodes to smooth ones.
Once you made one circle alike, you can use the duplicate option (Ctrl+D) to use it more times.
In this case, scale it to the inner-most and outer-most circles of the original raster image,
open the align and distribute panel (Shift+Ctrl+A) and center align those two.
Then combine that two together (Ctrl+K), and set a live path effect: interpolate subpaths.
If the result doesn't look quite right, that is because somehow the starting and end nodes of the subpaths are messed up.
To correct that, there is an option with the node tool to split nodes -make two open paths that way, so the effect will be applied between the nodes right.
-Actually this problem is presented in the interpolate extension too, as there nodes get split immediately in interpolated paths inbetween. See on Ragnar's example, how the circles with 8 nodes turn to have 12 nodes there.-
After that, would come drawing the horizontal-vertical "lines".
With the pen tool, holding Ctrl.
The align and distribute panel can come handy here too.
After these, convert the live path effect to a path, and
with the snapping to paths, path intersections enabled, re-trace the right parts with the pen tool, and set right segments curved, nodes smooth, combine paths together, and apply spiro-spiro live path effect.
This step would take the most work but it cannot be explained right, only step by step?
Experience with it.
Circle arches would need two end-nodes and one other node in-between, the two path segments turned to be curved, and the node in-between set to be smooth.
Then could come the inner part made with six small circles.
I would make it similar to the mentioned method here:
http://www.inkscapeforum.com/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=17160#p63039After that, it could be retraced with spiro-paths.
You may ask why not to simply add those together (Ctrl++)? That is because, such boolean operation has a 0,02 inaccuracy, and can add that to all the path's nodes.
The reason why making this with a white filled path so challenging.
After these, you would need a black circle for the background, and a spiky path below it.
You can use the align and distribute tool once circles/stars are scaled up.
Preferably with the star tool, draw the 80 spikes while holding down Ctrl, so it will be rotated into position.
Adding that cut at the bottom again could be done in seconds, but harder to be explained.
After converting the star to path, I would draw two rectangles, both having one side atop those segments -with the snapping option-, scale them up proportionally, then could edit the star -snap it's node to the triangle's intersection.
That would be it. Hope the details are clean.
I embedded image from dropbox, don't know if mega has the option to that.
Once you have the svg's url copied, paste it between
tags here an it will be embedded.
Good luck!
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).
. But later I convert it to path. 
